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What is Metaverse ?

Metaverse is formed by combining Meta and Universe. It is basically a digital world in which digital objects and things represent the digital activites. It is hypothesized concept to combine aspects of several technologies including 5G or 6G networks, Web3.0, AI artificial Intelligent, on line social media, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), Internet of Medical Devices, blockchain cryptocurrencies token such as NFT(non-fungible token), intelligent cloud, edge and quantum computing along with robotics to provide new directions to healthcare solutions and, enable people to interact with each other virtually. it is a virtual world in which users can perform professional activities such as cancer prevention, prediction, even new cancer treatment with new technologies.

The metaverse technology will transform healthcare practice in the near future and healthcare is not only about treating the symptoms but also about treating the condition causing the symptoms, this can be facilitated with total solutions in the metaverse.

Metaverse transform health

Even it is in the early stages, the evolution of the metaverse will play out for the next decade. Nevertheless, there are early signs that cancer healthcare could benefit from joining the metaverse. VR along with AR are already having an impact on the sector. It is a new generation of virtual health with metaverse transformation. This virtual care will feel more like rich human interactions:

Cancer pain management, VR is a mind-body treatment that is based in real science. It does more than just distract the mind from pain, but also helps to block pain signals from reaching the brain, offering a drug-free supplement to traditional pain management.

Medical learning and training, VR is used in the training of doctors and medical staff to take learners within the human body, providing a 360° view of ailments or replicating real-world procedures.

Cancer surgery, When using AR in the operating room, it’s like having a navigator in front of your eyes in a natural way so you don’t have to look at a separate screen to see your patient’s CT or MRI scan. It make more easy for doctor to operate the cancer surgery. Based on the existing use of surgical robots, more complicated surgeries are set to make increasing use of AR. More potential applications range from the removal of cancerous tumors to performing complicated spinal surgery. These developments will further enhance surgical precision and flexibility for complex procedures.

Pre-surgery and post-surgery assessments can also benefit from the use of AR to optimize surgical outcomes with more personalized intervention rooted in data analytics.

Mental Health, Doctors are prescribing VR games to treat conditions like cancer brain fog, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Virtual fitness, More people are supplementing their gym routine with VR-based exercise. One benefit of VR therapy is that it can provide specific data to the clinician and patient on how often and how well the patient accomplished each exercise and where adjustments are needed.
While the metaverse is still in its infancy, it holds tremendous potential for the transformation and improvement of cancer patient's healthcare.

Building Block of Metaverse

There are seven layers of the metaverse building block including Infrastructure, Human Interface, Decentralization, Spatial Computing, Creator Economy, Discovery, and Experience layers
1) Infrastructure layer :
The infrastructure layer includes the technology that enables our devices, connects them to the network, and delivers content such as 5G, 6G, wifi6. Enabling the untethered functionality, high performance, and miniaturization required by the next generation of mobile devices, smartglasses, and wearables will require increasingly powerful and tinier hardware: semiconductors that are imminently dropping to 3nm processes and beyond; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that enable tiny sensors; and compact, long-lasting batteries.
2) Human Interface layer :
Computer devices are getting closer to our bodies, Smartphones are no longer phones. They are highly portable, always-connected, and powerful computers and with further miniaturization, the right sensors, embedded AI technology, and low-latency access to powerful edge computing and server systems, they’ll absorb more and more applications and experiences from the metaverse.

3) Decentralization layer :
The simplest of decentralization is the Domain Name System (DNS), which maps individual IP addresses to names, saving from having to enter a number each time online. Distributed computing and microservices provide a scalable ecosystem for developers to tap into online capabilities everything from commerce systems to specialized AI to various application systems.
Blockchain technology, which enables value-exchange between software, self-sovereign identity and new ways of unbundling and bundling content and currencies This area of innovation is called Web3.0, which frees financial assets from centralized control and custody. With the advent of NFTs and blockchains optimized for the sort of microtransactions required by applications and metaverse experiences, a wave of innovation around decentralized markets and applications.
Edge computing will push the cloud closer to our homes to enable powerful applications at low latency, without burdening our devices with all of the works.

4) Spatial computing layer :
Spatial computing proposes hybrid real/virtual computation that erodes the barriers between the physical and the ideal worlds. Spatial computing has exploded into a large category of technology that enables us to enter into and manipulate 3D spaces, and to augment the real world with more information and experience.

5) Creator Economy layer :
Not only are the experiences of the metaverse becoming increasingly immersive, social, and real-time, but the number of creators who craft them is increasing exponentially. This layer contains all of the technology that creators use on a daily basis to craft the experiences that people enjoy.
In creator era, designers and creators don’t want coding bottlenecks to slow them down. Creators gain tools, templates, and marketplaces of content that reorient development from a bottoms-up, code-centered process to a top-down, creatively centered process.

6) Discovery layer :
The discovery layer is about the push and pull that introduces people to new experiences. This is a vast ecosystem, and one of the most lucrative for many businesses including some of the largest in the world. Broadly speaking, most discovery systems can be classified as Inbound (users are actively seeking information about the experience) or Outbound (marketing activities for which users have not specifically requested, even if they choose to participate).
The community-driven content is a more cost-effective way of discovery than most forms of marketing and a specific form of community presentation is the feature of real-time presence. Real-time presence detection across many activities in the Metaverse is one of the creators' greatest opportunities for discovery.
7) Experience layer :
Metaverse is a 3D space around us. But it is not 3D or even graphics; it is about the unstoppable dematerialization of physical space, distance, and objects.
There are so many use cases of metaverse experiences such as Medical training, Biogene research, Cancer treatment, Cancer prevention, Gaming, Social, Immersive ecommerce, Collaboration, Real Estate, Travel, Architecture, Engineering and Design, Automotive, Learning and Education, Fitness, Volumetric Livestreaming, Esports, Live Music, Immersive Theater and Transforming the Physical World.

Technology of Metaverse

To make the metaverse experience more immersive, many companies are using cutting-edge technologies like blockchain NFT, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), 3D reconstruction, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of things (IoT), edge computing, intelligent cloud, Web3.0 and quantum computing to power the 3D world.

1) Metaverse with blockchain NFTs
Blockchain technology provides a decentralized and transparent solution for digital proof of ownership, digital collectibility, transfer of value, governance, accessibility, and interoperability. Cryptocurrencies enable users to transfer value while they work and socialize in the 3D digital world. An NFT is a unique and non-interchangeable unit of data stored on the blockchain that can track a unique digital asset's transfer, ownership and properties. The term non-fungible distinguishes NFTs from other blockchain entities like cryptocurrencies, which are equal in value and mutually interchangeable or fungible.

2) Metaverse with AR/VR
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) can give us an immersive and engaging 3D experience. These are our entry points to the virtual world. Augmented reality technology allows you to embed virtual objects into the real physical world. VR involves the use of 3D computer modeling, one of the most interesting types of graphic designs, to immerse yourself in a 3D virtual environment. While the metaverse doesn’t necessarily require you to wear a VR headset or other accessories, experts are confident that virtual reality technology will become an integral component of the new ecosystem such as cancer platform system.

3) Metaverse with 3D reconstruction
The challenges for the metaverse is to create a digital environment that appears as close to our real world as possible. With the help of 3D reconstruction, it can create realistic and natural-looking spaces. Through special 3D cameras, we can take our world online by rendering accurate 3D photorealistic models of physical objects. The 3D spatial data and 4K HD photography are then passed to computers to process and generate a virtual replica in the metaverse for users to experience. These virtual replicas of physical world objects can also be referred to as digital twins. The metaverse 3D photorealistic models are the best cancer surgery and treatment tools.

4) Metaverse with AI Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely applied in our lives such as business strategy planning, decision making, facial recognition, faster computing, and more. More recently, AI have been applied to the creation of immersive metaverses. AI has the potential to process a lot of data at lightning speed. Combined with machine learning techniques, AI algorithms can learn from previous iterations, taking into account historical data to come up with unique outputs and insights.

The metaverse will be enabled, populated by and supported with AI artificial intelligence. It will drive all seven technology layers of the metaverse: powering spatial computing, providing scaffolding to creators, and supplying new and sophisticated forms of application storytelling. A potential application for AI is in the creation of metaverse avatars. AI engines can be used to analyze and scan 3D images to generate avatars that look more realistic and accurate. To make the process more dynamic, AI can also be used to create different facial expressions, hairstyles, clothes, and features to enhance the digital humans we create.

5) Metaverse with IoT Internet of Things
IoT is a system that takes everything in our physical world and connects them to the Internet through sensors and devices. After connecting to the Internet, these devices will have a unique identifier and the ability to send or receive information automatically. Today, IoT is connecting medical devices, and much more to a wide range of data.

The applications of IoT on the metaverse is to collect and provide data from the physical world. It wilI increase the accuracy of the digital representations. Implementing IoT can seamlessly connect the 3D world to a large number of real-life devices. This enables the creation of real-time simulations in the metaverse. To further optimize the metaverse environment, IoT could also use AI and machine learning to manage the data it collects.

6) Metaverse with Edge computing
Edge computing is included compute, storage, security, and networking occurs physically closer to end users and these devices will enable us to think about the metaverse and related applications in a new era. Edge computing will be an essential pillar in the metaverse’s creation, by enabling developers to reduce latency in virtual worlds. This technology could empower new and better devices and new virtual experiences that support many thousands -- and eventually, millions of concurrent users in the same shared 3D space.

7) Metaverse with intelligent cloud
The metaverse may be the next major platform in intelligent cloud computing after the world wide web and mobile, the metaverse is right around the corner. Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted services over the internet. These services are divided into three main categories of cloud computing: infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a service (SaaS). A cloud can be private or public. A public cloud sells services to anyone on the internet. A private cloud is a proprietary network or a data center that supplies hosted services to a limited number of people, with certain access and permissions settings. Private or public, the goal of cloud computing is to provide easy, scalable access to computing resources and IT services.
8) Metaverse with Web3.0
After the fast growth in adoption of NFT applications, Web 3.0 is emerging as one of the next growth areas in the blockchain space, along with blockchain-based metaverse, Web 3.0 brings the promise of further opening of the internet. This new decentralized web will offer users more control over their data, a far greater transparency into the protocols of the applications, as well as greater reliability and security. Web 3.0 is a term used to describe a metaverse that uses the internet as its substrate. A key structure of Web 3.0 is the use of NFTs or non-fungible tokens. NFTs are used by metaverses to keep track of your items. The metaverse is all about connecting people through digital space, so the use of NFTs allows people to freely trade their digital goods and items with others. The metaverse has the potential to be used for all sorts of things, such as business, education and healthcare.

9) Metaverse with Quantum computing
Quantum computing is a type of computation that harnesses the collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform calculations. The devices that perform quantum computations are known as quantum computers. Putting Quantum into the Metaverse. Fields such as Quantum Machine Learning are proving popular with researchers in fields from Finance to Pharmaceuticals. That early promise could find itself way into the Metaverse helping on a number of key applications:

Security, Often Quantum Computing is discussed as a secueity threat, Quantum Resistant technologies may need to be adopted to ensure that trasnactions remain safe against algorithms such as Shor’s Algorithm.

Computation, One of the possible use cases of Quantum Computing is to make some applications more effective. The developing applications around tasks as optimisation and with massive amounts of computuion and simulation required in the metaverse, any advantage that can be leverged will likely be used to enhance the experience. Some of the quantum algorithms are developing could find application for the alternative Metaverse.

Simulation, To create realism, metaverses will need an element of randomness to make sure that inhabiants and their algorithms don’t game the system. One such was to ensure that there is a high degree of randomness is to utilize quantum randomness, which means that instead of a pseudo random number, instead a series of qubits can be used to create random bits.

Machine Learning, will play a greater role in these metaverses and the need to machine learning will expand just as it has our world. Therefore as Quantum Machine Learning develops we will likely see uptake in the metaverse for a mayriad of applications

Communications, Secure communications will give rise to the need for smart tools and protocols such as QKD (Quantum Key Distribution).